Quantitative Analysis of Business Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Quantitative Analysis of Business - Coursework Example Decide the conditions for every one of the three limitations that are plotted on the appended â€Å"graph 1†, indicating all work important to show up at the equations. Determine the conditions for every one of the three requirements that are plotted on the joined â€Å"graph 1†, demonstrating all work important to show up at the equations. Identify every imperative as a base or greatest requirement.  The target work is Z= 30X+72Y+90Subject toâ 7.5X + 7.5Y ≠¤ 30 (condition for Nutrient C)  6X + 12Y  ≠¤ 72 15X + 6Y ≠¤ 90  X ≠¥ 0, Y ≠¥ 0 Since the plausible area is underneath the limitations the imperatives are least requirements. Decide the all out commitment to benefit, if the organization delivers a mix of instances of brand X and brand Y that lies on the purple target work (benefit line) as it is plotted on the appended â€Å"graph 1†.If the organization decides to create a mix of brand X and Y as given in chart then th e various mixes would be (0, 8), (1, 6.6), (2, 5.4), (3, 4), (4, 2.6), (5, 1.3), (6, 0). The commitment to benefit at different blends can be acquired utilizing the target work where profit= 30X+72Y+90 and subbing the estimation of X and Y for each set in this capacity we get benefit for each combination.When the organization produces 8 units of Brand Y and no Brand X the benefit work is augmented (666). In any case, this mix is outside the plausible district. Along these lines, the blend that gives most extreme benefit (468) to the maker inside the ideal locale is 3 units of X and 4 units of Y. The Total Contribution of Profit: The absolute commitment to benefit which can be gotten by delivering 3 units of brand X and 4 units of brand Y is 468 which is acquired by placing the estimations of X and Y in the benefit

Frontier Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Boondocks - Essay Example Turner paints the subjugation battle as only an episode that has a great deal of significance to the American history during the development of the westbound. Subjugation was increasingly widespread not long before the finish of common war, however didn't happen to selective significance. This successfully depicts the subjugation battle as a unimportant factor in American history. The most huge effect of the boondocks on American history, which Turner unconvincingly battles is the advancement of majority rule government. A perplexing society is hastened by the wild, into a sort of crude association dependent on the family. The propensity is hostile to social. This produces threatening vibe toward control. The assessment finder for example is seen as a delegate of abuse. Similar conditions, as indicated by Turner help in clarifying the trouble of framing a solid government in the time of the association. The boondocks independence has from the earliest starting point, along these lines advanced popular government. For instance, â€Å"the outskirts States that came into the Union in the main quarter of an era of its reality came in with popularity based testimonial arrangements, and had receptive impacts of the most elevated significance upon the more established States whose people groups were being pulled in there† (Turner 5). Turner infers that the non-land components of the boondocks all things considered clearly proceed with the present period of globalization that is basically Americanization. Without a doubt, Turner figures that the wilderness is the line of generally quick and successful Americanization. As indicated by Turner, another case of how the outskirts advanced majority rules system is given of western New York that constrained an expansion of testimonial in the sacred show of that State in 1821 (Turner 5). In such manner the Turner’s proposal isn't persuading on the grounds that the driving force seems another wave in the American imperialism’s history. Regardless of being seen as a consolation to the abroad development of the United States and advancement of majority rule government, it does

Business Research Literature Review

Question: Examine about the Business Research Literature Review. Answer: Presentation In this task, a far reaching writing survey had been created for the business investigate proposition related with subject examination and break down showcasing apparatuses and strategies utilized by Coles Supermarkets, Australia. There were some significant subjects remembered for this writing survey area. They were, for example, outline of the Australian retail industry, Global Retail Business, buyer request and thoughts of freedom food supplies. The principle theories of this writing survey segment is to break down the viability of promoting apparatuses and strategies utilized by Australian retail organizations contrast with worldwide retail organizations. It had been accepted that Australian retail advertise is as yet developing and it very well may be improved by adjusting the promoting instruments and procedures utilized in this industry. Subject 1 Australian retail advertise Speculation: H0: Australian retail advertise has a consistent development in the market H1: Australian retail advertise don't has a consistent development in the market It has been discovered that Australian retail advertise is developing quickly. The retail market of Australia has expanded by 3% in understanding to the present worth terms in 2016[1]. Despite the fact that, the development is sure, it had been broke down that the development rate had become more slow than 2015[2]. The fundamental purpose for the more slow pace of development of Australian retail advertise is that Australian clients stay careful about their spending during the entire year because of low degree of salary development. The client great region of Australian retail advertise has battled with basic retail conditions in the course of the most recent five years. It had been discovered that unpredictable purchaser feeling and powerless development of economy because of fluctuating money related market possessed created strained energy for the region administrators. Likewise, it had been discovered that there was constant fall in the retail request in Australia for computer ga mes, photographic supplies, books, papers, fixed merchandise and footwear[3]. Notwithstanding, web based retailing or web retailing of Australia had arrived at a moderately consistent rate. In the time of 2016, it had been discovered that the web based retailing has beated store-based retailing is Australia. Because of the expansion significance of retail nearness across various channels had affected Australian retailers like Woolsworth and Wesfarmers to expand venture on multichannel retailing[4]. They began to concentrate on online business nearness. They began to utilize web based life like Facebook, Twitter and YouTube for advancement and ads. It had been broke down that the pattern of buyer request of Australian retail showcase supported the comfort offered by web based retailing. Forceful extension of Aldi demonstrates the consistent development of this industry[5]. Wesfarmers is considered as the biggest retailer in Australian in the time of 2016. The organization is by and by driving across various classes of retailing. The worth development of the organization Wesfarmers is exceptionally determined by the solid execution is classifications like office gracefully stores, home and nursery, mass merchandisers and forecourt retailers. The organization is positioned as number one association regarding esteem share in the time of 2016[6]. It had been examined that retailing industry in Australia will increment at an estimation of CAGR of 3% throughout the following conjecture period[7]. It will be to a great extent driven by nursery and home master retailers and web based retailing. It is normal that these classifications of retail industry will show solid development because of developing interest for new houses and because of quicker appropriation of new advances and online administrations. There were two main considerations that have influenced the Australian retail advertise the most. They are, for example, Government approaches and the quelled loaning condition. The appointment of new alliance Australian government in 2013 had thought of two significant factors[8]. The legislature has declared the withdrawal of government endowments for some retail associations. Hence, different neighborhood retail food supplies have shut their activity in Australia. The administration has recharged the emphasis on the decrease of government obligation decrease to deal with the national deficiency prompting the perspective of duty augmentation and profound slices to family benefits. What's more, banking segment has likewise become the subject of capital sufficiency changes intended to secure the retail business. It would assist with making sure about the retail business from unforeseen changes and elevate soundness to this industry. In term of future, it had been examined that, Omni channel retailing will be more applicable now than any other time in recent memory. So as to improve deals execution in future, retail organizations need to join physical activity with computerized techniques. Ascent of Smartphone selection will increment online retail selling. In future web based showcasing will turn into the most significant advancement and promoting technique. There are different in-store innovation can be utilized as successful promoting device to build deals execution. They are, for example, computerized signage, intuitive screens, self serve booths and online item indexes. Directly it has been discovered that 49% of the Australian clients might want buy items with the assistance of applications than a program. Consequently, retail organizations, for example, Woolsworth and Wesfarmers have begun to consolidate versatile applications in their Omni-channel showcasing technique. The Australian basic food item retail had encountered a positive development in the time of 2016. This high pace of development in this area can be clarified by the achievement of discounters inside the nation. In any case, the development of this industry is confined by cost limiting and serious measure of rivalry. These variables have blocked the development pace of the basic food item retailer s during the year. Fast innovation headways give retail organizations the chances to connect with purchaser available. It has been discovered that impression of numerous advertisers in the retail showcase is that the loaning rehearses have likewise gotten compelled. It had additionally influenced the business development and client credit. Subject 2 Global Retail Business Speculation: H0: Global retail business is changing because of market rivalry H1: Global retail business isn't changing because of market rivalry General stores and staple retail industry is serious in Australia as well as in different pieces of the world. The degree of intensity is because of the adjustment in buyer patterns of the shopping their fundamental merchandise from the market just as evolving feelings. The adjustment in the purchaser conclusions has likewise changed the exchanging example of the grocery store retail industry everywhere throughout the world[9]. Worldwide general store retail industry has demonstrated the development of numerous mainstream grocery stores, for example, Tesco, Walmart, Aldi, Woolworths, Metcash, and so forth. It is seen that the grocery store retailers of Australia are adjusting the patterns of the requests of the clients that are answerable for the expansion of impressions in the retail locations. They are confronting the opposition to meet the better standard of the clients regarding accommodation, newness of the nourishments, straightforwardness, standard of nourishments and different items served by it[10]. The patterns that the retail markets over the world are receiving are ordered into gatherings, for example, verification of the new nourishments, assembly ideas that are accommodation driven, effect of the evolving guidelines, making chances to the workforce and solidification of the operational developments. Organizations are going to concentrate on the item separation concentrating on the specialty se ction of clients. The expansion of the internet retailing and snap and gather alternatives are more serious than the customary grocery store stores of various pieces of the world[11]. Then again, it very well may be said that the markets in numerous pieces of the world are confronting issues in keeping up the workforce for example talented specialized workforce. The organizations are confronting various issues as far as keeping up the workforce as far as specialized issues. The specialized specialists and talented skill are elusive in numerous nations of the world. In any case, it is the duty of the retailers to take of their representatives regarding worker commitment and their fulfillment. The stores are confronting issues so as to keep up a change of the activities to the various partners who are related with dealing with a variety of tasks[12]. Research has depicted the way that the need of innovation is of primary goal. Regarding office the executives frameworks, the worldwide retailers are using various sorts of human focused structure that are considered as upgrading availability and observing the capacities that improves UI, instinctive activity and conven ience. The changing guidelines of the nations are factors that are liable for making any impact on the exchanging examples of the diverse general store retailers over the world. The two guidelines that are significant in making a noteworthy difference in the business examples of the general store retailers are refrigerant guideline and Food Safety Modernization Act. It tends to be said that the refrigerant guideline changes centers around the issues of vitality proficiency and the refrigerants. This suggestion will support the retailers while receiving fridges that are produced by utilizing most recent technologies[13]. The FSMA guideline is liable for decrease of food squander by the organizations. The individual retailers and the merchants are liable for keeping up the newness level homestead to table. The organizations are concentrating on expanding the impressions so as to help their ceaseless methodology in the extension plans. As far as concentrating on the trollies of the buyers, it is seen that the worldwide markets are engaged in giving advantages to the customers so as to improve their shopping experience. Thus, the theory of the top

A Quantitative and Qualitative Profile of an English Learner Essay

A Quantitative and Qualitative Profile of an English Learner - Essay Example Objective: figure out how to talk conversant in English. She needed to improve her English with the goal that she could be acknowledged at her preferred school. As of now, she is finished taking broad ESL classes Quantitative Analysis a) Length of expressions typical yet heaps of linguistic mistakes b) Pronunciation-Good and clear c) Sentence structure-poor TABLE 1: ERROR ANALYSIS FOR ERROR CATEGORIES Blunder Category Frequency % of Total Errors Action word tense 25 42 Preposition 5 10 Articles 6 9 Omissions 10 15 Linguistic structure/Other 20 24 TOTAL 66 100 TABLE 2: CONVERSATIONAL FEATURES Conversational Feature No. of Times Used Fillers-you mean (2) 2 Faltering sounds-well Modals 5( 2 right) Subjective Analysis a) Psychological Variables- Full of feeling Factors (Schumann’s model) 1. Highly persuaded to talk fluidly in English 2. the procedure of learning a subsequent language depends vigorously on collaboration with target language speakers

Susan Sontag, Leslie Jamison, and Me Reading About Pain and #MeToo

Susan Sontag, Leslie Jamison, and Me Reading About Pain and #MeToo Not too long ago, I included Susan Sontag’s Regarding the Pain of Others in a round-up about reading for self-care. In that work, Sontag is concerned primarily with photography and the philosophy of viewing photographs (on the news, etc.) of faraway suffering. Sontag asks: what does it do for usâ€"or to usâ€"to look at a photograph of someone in pain? Should photographs be used to inspire empathy? Can we even access real empathy through a photograph? Maybe more to the point, do we even have a right to try? I read Regarding the Pain of Others a few years ago, when I was maybe a sophomore in college. I was not yet very interested in reading texts that were more theoretical than anything else, still preferring for a book to tell me exactly what to think. In my women’s studies classes, I vacuumed up assigned readings with a decisive, matter-of-fact toneâ€"feminists who laid out their case like lawyers and then summed it all up at the end with a punchy final line. It’s not that Regarding the Pain of Others doesn’t take sides, but rather that Sontag acknowledges that her side might not be the only one. The argument is methodical, but the conclusion is not absolute. I haven’t reread it since then, but I’ve found myself thinking about it in the last week or so with the fall of Harvey Weinstein and the rise of #MeToo, along with other books by women concerned with depictions of trauma. Regarding the Pain of Others is not about feminism so much as it is about humanity, technology, even capitalism, to an extent. Its premise, as I understood it, was actually very simple: what do we do with other people’s pain if we ourselves are not in pain? Sontag was interested in photography, but the question needs to be asked about personal narrative. The question is being asked about #MeToo: What does it do for us as human beings to scroll endlessly through admissions of pain and trauma? In other words, what is the point? I posted #MeToo. I should say also that I hardly know any women who didn’t post #MeToo. Many of them also included stories of their assault, the aftermath, or a laundry list of harassment incidents from the past week or month or ten years. The thought I had over and over was this: who is this for? I posted #MeToo, but in my head, I was like, duh, me too. Of course I’ve been yelled at from a car, followed on a dark street, grabbed and groped at parties, forcibly kissed, called names, leered at. Of course I’ve followed the innate code of conduct according to fears that were deemed “paranoid” by my male friends and constantly realized by my female ones. So then, #MeToo is for men, or anyone who believes this kind of stuff happens to a certain kind of person in a specific situation instead of everywhere always. Critiques of the hashtag expand from there: we need to stop fetishizing the pain of women as victims of faceless men and begin to hold perpetrators accountable. We need men to believe women without forcing them to dredge up the evidence. “I won’t say Me, Too,” one criticism began, “Because you all know that already.” The Sontag question: what do these displays of pain achieve other than eliciting guilt or sympathy that is then channeled into self-indulgent thankfulness? But then a friend posted a quote from a different writer: Leslie Jamison. In her essay “Grand Unified Theory of Female Pain,” Jamison writes: “The wounded woman gets called a stereotype, and sometimes she is. But sometimes she’s just true. I think the possibility of fetishizing pain is no reason to stop representing it.” Jamison uses Sontag as her counterpoint in this essay. In her book The Empathy Exams, one of my favorites, Jamison delves deep into pain and suffering of every kind imaginable: unusual, commonplace, voluntary, mysterious. It’s all there, and my response as a reader was similarly wide-ranging. I read a lot of books about female pain, whether I intend to or not, because I read a lot of books by women. I’m a feminist, and I am on Twitter, so I read a lot about pain there, too. But no matter how many books I read, I still haven’t fallen down hard on the side of either Sontag or Jamison. In fact, while writing this, I’ve realized I’ve done what I used to hate: thrown a handful of questions onto a page. But this whole experience has reminded me to do what I do when I don’t know: just keep reading, and eventually, something will make sense.

Plagiarism And Academic Integrity - Free Essay Example

Plagiarism and Academic Integrity Plagiarism is the act of taking credit, either deliberately or inadvertently, for another persons intellectual property. According to Merriam-Webster dictionary online, to ?plagiarize means: to steal and pass off (the ideas or words of another) as ones own, use (anothers production) without crediting the source, to commit literary theft, present as new and original an idea or product derived from an existing source (merriam-webster.com, n.d.). Intellectual property extends to a persons thoughts, ideas, experiences, and/or academic or professional work. Simply put, it is an expression of original ideas and just like an original invention is protected by copyright laws (Office of Policy and International Affairs, 2018). The University of the People (UoPeople) Undergraduate Catalog (University of the People, n.d.) further defines plagiarism as submitting a paper that was the result of someone elses efforts but is represented as ones own work copying so many words or ideas from a source that it makes up majority significant portion of ones own work(University of the People, n.d., p.134). In College Paper Professor Lovelit case study (On Course, Inc., n.d.) Reggie committed plagiarism and would have violated the UoPeople academic policies. Reggies primary error was attempting to pass off someone elses paper as his own. Even though Reggie tried to edit and revise the Internet paper, it is stated in UoPeople Undergraduate Catalog that copying so many words or ideas from a source that it makes up [a] majority significant portion of ones own work even while attempting to paraphrase and change the text(University of the People, n.d., p.134) is still plagiarism. Reggies poor planning and lack of preparation, while not against UoPeople policies, were the contributing factors leading to the plagiarism. Arnies plagiarism of the same Internet paper was an independent act from Reggies. Both acts of plagiarism, by Arnie and Reggie, may share a common source however; each would be a standalone violation of UoPeople policy. When looking at the case study the characters would have a descending level of responsibility. Reggie would be the most liable in this situation. It was his poor planning, not heeding the direction of his academic support counselor, sourcing an essay from the Internet, and lastly trying to pass the obtained essay as his own that resulted in him receiving an ?F for the final course grade. The second most culpable is Professor Lovelit but not in a way most would think. Professor Lovelit while doing her due diligence discovered the original essay online. Her culpability extends to the fact that she entered the F grade. However the responsibility still belongs to Reggie. Arnie is next in line; his choice to plagiarize the online essay suggested to him by Reggie was just that ?his choice. It may have enlightened Professor Lovelit to the unethical use of an online essay; I have to believe in her due diligence and being the submission was not on the assigned topic, she would have discovered it either way. The least responsible is Sally the academic support counselor; on several occasions she tried to encourage Reggie to finish the assignment properly. Reggie repeatedly ignored her guidance. Ultimately the full and sole responsibility for the plagiarism belongs to Reggie for he was the one that turned in someone elses work as his own. In order to be certain throughout my studies at UoPeople that I will not inadvertently plagiarize I plan to error on the side of caution. I live my academic career by the moniker When in doubt; cite! I believe it is better to cite my work in every instance were it ?might be required than to miss a citation and misrepresent my work. This also has the add benefit of allowing me to verify that a substantial portion of the work is my own thoughts. References Office of Policy and International Affairs. (2018, May 16). Intellectual Property (IP) Policy. Retrieved September 16, 2018, from https://www.uspto.gov/intellectual-property-ip-policy On Course, Inc. (n.d.). Case Study College Paper Professor Lovelit. Retrieved from https://my.uopeople.edu/pluginfile.php/324969/mod_book/chapter/165565/Unit Case Study Revised.pdf Plagiarize. (n.d.). In Merriam-Webster online. Retrieved September 16, 2018, from https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/plagiarize University of the People. (n.d.). Undergraduate Catalog University of the People September 1, 2018. August 31, 2019. Retrieved from https://3w1fdw3g237j15p5421zov1f-wpengine.netdna-ssl.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/UoPeople-Undergraduate-Catalog-AY2019.compressed.pdf.

Evidence Obtained Improperly During The Police Interviews - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1508 Downloads: 7 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Law Essay Type Analytical essay Tags: Act Essay Police Essay Did you like this example? A lawful arrest of an individual indicates a legal condition of the arrested individual. Likewise, a subsequent detention of an individual at a police station brings about a legal consequence. For example, confinement, which under other circumstances would amount to a false imprisonment, will lawfully restrict the individuals privacy and freedom of movement but it also creates legal obligations on police officers. In relation to the detention, treatment and questioning of suspects, parts 4 and 5 of the Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984 are applicable, along with Code of Practice C: The Detention, Treatment and Questioning of Persons by Police Officers. The conduct however, of police officers, has at times been put under scrutiny by the courts, particularly under s.76 and s.78 of PACE. Under s.36(7), where a suspect is taken into a non-designated police station, any police officer present may assume the role of the custody officer although, this should not b e done by the police officer investigating the case wherever possible. If this does happen and cannot be avoided, then the officer who took the suspect to the police station or any other police officer may assume the role of the custody officer, however, the arresting officer must inform an officer of at least the rank of inspector as soon as possible in accordance with s.36(9) and s.36(10). Under s.37, the custody officer must determine if there is enough evidence to charge the suspect, and if it is decided that there is cause to charge the suspect, the custody officer may detain that person for as long as necessary for that particular purpose. If not, the suspect must either be released on bail or without bail  [7]  . Code C of PACE covers the rights and acts as a safeguard to detained suspects, particularly sections 2 and 3 regarding the issue of custody records. Firstly, the detainee has the right to have someone informed of the arrest, for example a partner or fami ly member. Secondly, the suspect has the right to be given legal advice  [8]  , that is; a solicitor, or appropriate adult must be permitted to consult a detainees custody record as soon as practicable after their arrival at the station and at any other time whilst the person is detained. Arrangements for this access however must be agreed with the custody officer and may not unreasonably interfere with the custody officers duties. Finally, they have the right to consult the Codes of Practice attached to PACE. When interviewing vulnerable persons, the interview itself cannot take place without an appropriate adult being present  [9]  . Whilst PACE and the Codes of Practice contain a number of provisions designed and put in place to protect the rights of persons within police custody, there are further measures available to ensure that suspects that are deemed to be vulnerable are subject to additional safeguards. These include suspects that are juveniles, persons with men tal disorders, blind persons, foreign persons and those who are unable to understand English. Section 38 of PACE provides that once a person has been arrested the custody officer has to decide on one of four options that the suspect may either be released on bail or without bail, released on bail but with conditions or that they may be detained in police custody until brought before a magistrates court. The general conditions under which detained persons can be held in police custody are contained in the provisions of s.8 Code of Practice C. S.8(1) states that So far as it is practicable, not more than one detainee should be detained in each cell. Also a juvenile should not be placed in a police cell unless there is no other secure accommodation available. Whenever a juvenile is placed into a police cell it must be recorded and in any event, a juvenile should not be placed in a cell with an adult. The cells must be adequately heated, ventilated and also cleaned and have access to a toilet and washing facilities  [10] The provisions in respect of the treatment of detained persons are contained under s.9 of Code C which is primarily concerned with general issues, medical treatment and any documentation. Firstly, there is a general provision in place that where a complaint is made or concern arises regarding a persons treatment after being arrested, a report must be made as soon as possible to an inspector or any rank above who is not associated with the investigation. Where the particular matter may concern unlawful physical force being used, an appropriate healthcare professional must be called as soon as possible in accordance with Code of Practice C. Under s.9 detained persons should be visited every 30 minutes at least, unless they are drunk to which they should be visited every 30 minutes and also roused and spoken to. Wherever possible, juveniles and those at risk should be visited more frequently, for example those who have suicidal tendencies. This was highlighted in the case of Kirkham v Chief Constable of Greater Manchester Police [1990]  [11]  where it was held that the police are under a duty of care to prevent a prisoner committing suicide where they are aware that the person has suicidal tendencies. The custody officer has to take charge of the search process, including a full record of all of the suspects property. Under the Police Reform Act 2002, similar powers are now given to civilian detention officers, however, the case of Lindley v Rutter [1981]  [12]  in which a police officer conducting a search and removing items of clothing of an arrested person may not be acting in the execution of duty if the circumstances of the particular case do not justify such measures. The defendant was arrested in the street for disorderly behaviour while drunk. She was taken to the station and put in a cell, where a police woman attempted to search her. The search met with resistance whereupon the defendant was forc ibly searched and her bra removed. The defendant was charged with assaulting a police officer in the execution of her duty and convicted. On appeal, held, allowing the appeal, that although the WPC believed she was acting in accordance with standing instructions she was still under a duty to consider whether the search and removal of clothing was necessary; she had not considered these matters and her conduct was not justified. The overall conduct of police interviews is governed by s.11 of Code C. Section 11(1) states that an interview is the questioning of a person regarding their involvement or suspected involvement in a criminal offence or offences which, under paragraph 10.1, must be carried out under caution. Once it has been decided to arrest a suspect, that person must be not be interviewed about the offence in question, except at a police station or authorised place of detention, although this is subject to three exceptions if there is the possibility of a delay which wo uld lead to interference with, or harm to, evidence connected with an offence; interference with, or physical harm to, other people; or serious loss of, or damage to, property. Evidence by the courts can be seen as inadmissible under s.78 if records of interviews are not properly kept. However, in the case of R v Heslop [1996]  [13]  in which the defendant appealed against conviction for murder on the grounds that the Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984 Code C was breached by not entering in the custody record a comment he made, admitting stabbing the victim. The police officer recorded the comment in his notebook which the defendant later signed. It was held, dismissing the appeal, that there was no specific requirement that comments such as those made by the defendant should be entered in the custody record, and his conviction was not unsafe. Now routine tape recordings are part of the interview process and are governed under s.60 of PACE and further supported by Code of Practice E. this was evident in the case of DPP v Ara [2001]  [14]  in which DPP appealed by way of case stated against a decision by magistrates to stay proceedings against Ara as an abuse of process. The police had decided to caution Ara following his alleged admission during a police interview, at which his solicitor had not been present, of an offence of assault occasioning actual bodily harm. Aras solicitor had been unable to advise him to accept the caution because he was unable to assess the strength of the prosecution case in the face of a refusal by the police to release a record of the interview. Consequently Ara had been charged with the offence. The DPP submitted that, firstly, if the police were to become subject to a duty of disclosure prior to charge, the caution process would be undermined since the police would simply proceed immediately to charge and secondly the lack of disclosure did not render the proceedings such an abuse as to necessitate a stay. In gen eral the courts are not concerned with how evidence is obtained, whether it involved unfair or improper means. They merely make a judgement on the evidence provided and presented to them and then make a decision based on this. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Evidence Obtained Improperly During The Police Interviews" essay for you Create order